State the relation between conductivity \(\sigma\) and resistivity \(\rho\).
Question 3
*+
For an ohmic material with positive resistivity, are \(\vec E\) and \(\vec J\) parallel or anti-parallel?
Question 4
**
A material has \(\rho=1.7\times10^{-8}\,\Omega\,\mathrm{m}\) and \(J=2.0\times10^6\,\mathrm{A\,m^{-2}}\). Find \(E\).
Question 5
**
A material has conductivity \(5.0\times10^7\,\mathrm{S\,m^{-1}}\). Find its resistivity.
Question 6
**+
A wire has length \(2.0\,\mathrm{m}\), area \(1.0\times10^{-6}\,\mathrm{m^2}\), and resistivity \(2.5\times10^{-8}\,\Omega\,\mathrm{m}\). Find \(V/I\).
Question 7
***
A metal has \(\rho_0=1.6\times10^{-8}\,\Omega\,\mathrm{m}\) at \(20^\circ\mathrm{C}\) and \(\alpha=4.0\times10^{-3}\,\mathrm{K^{-1}}\). Estimate \(\rho\) at \(70^\circ\mathrm{C}\).
Question 8
***
A cylindrical wire is stretched to twice its original length while its volume stays constant. Assuming resistivity is unchanged, by what factor does \(V/I\) change?
Question 9
****
A conductor is tapered so its cross-sectional area varies as \(A(x)=A_0(1+x/L)\) from \(x=0\) to \(L\). With resistivity \(\rho\), derive the resistance by integrating small slices.
Question 10
****+
A wire has \(\rho(T)=\rho_0[1+\alpha(T-T_0)]\) and temperature varies linearly from \(T_0\) at one end to \(T_0+\Delta T\) at the other. Derive the resistance for uniform area \(A\) and length \(L\).