State the principle of relativity for inertial frames.

State the invariant-speed postulate of special relativity.

What is an inertial reference frame?

A spacecraft moves at \(0.600c\). Find \(\beta\).

Find the Lorentz factor for \(v=0.600c\).

Why is the Galilean rule \(u'=u-v\) incompatible with invariant light speed?

A light pulse travels \(12.0\,\mathrm m\) in vacuum. How long does the trip take in an inertial frame where that path length is \(12.0\,\mathrm m\)?

Explain why special relativity requires space and time coordinates to mix between inertial frames.

Find \(\gamma\) for \(v=0.800c\) and explain why it is larger than the value at \(0.600c\).

A pulse is emitted from the origin at \(t=0\). In frame \(S\), show that its wavefront after time \(t\) satisfies \(x^2+y^2+z^2=c^2t^2\).

A frame moves at \(0.950c\). Calculate \(\gamma\) to three significant figures.

At what speed is \(\gamma=2.00\)? Give the answer as a fraction of \(c\).

Explain why a massive particle cannot be accelerated to \(c\) in special relativity.

Two observers move relative to each other. One measures a laser pulse moving at \(c\). What speed must the other inertial observer measure for the same pulse?

A proposed transformation keeps \(t'=t\) and \(x'=x-vt\). Use a light pulse moving along \(+x\) to show this cannot be relativistically correct.

Show that \(\gamma\ge1\) for all allowed massive-particle speeds.

Why does the invariant speed of light remove the need for a mechanical ether frame?

A student says, "Relativity means everything is subjective." Correct this statement using invariants.

Use the light-cone equation to explain why the same event can have different coordinates in different frames but still describe the same physics.

Explain why special relativity changes kinematics before it changes dynamics.